2 stroke lubrication--how?

Home Cookin'

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I've been running 2 strokes all my 50+ years and this jsut occurred to me: I know the mixed oil and gas lubricates the inside of the cylinders and I suppose the valves. But the pistons rods and crankshaft are all moving on the other side. Is there anything inside the crankcase that lubrucates those moving parts? No oil splashing around like in a car. No one says open it up once a year and hit it with 3 in 1 oil. I seem to recall that the water jacket cools the head and crank case area, but do the rods and crankshaft stay dry? How does that work?
 

robert graham

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

In a 2 stroke motor the crankcase acts as a pump, sucking the air/fuel/oil mixture in through the intake, through the crank area,then forcing it up through the transfer ports into the combustion chamber, so you have a nice clean, cool air/fuel/oil mixture passing through the entire motor while it's running. So that's how it works! Good Luck!
 

trendsetter240

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

Hey Homecookin,

A 2-stroke motor uses the crankcase as part of the intake. Positive and negative pressure is created inside the crankcase when the pistons move up and down. When there is negative pressure, fuel/oil mix is drawn into the crankcase through the reed valves. When there is positive pressure (piston moving down from spark plug) the reed valves close and fuel/oil mix is drawn into the cylinders.

I think I'm pretty close on my description but yes, the fuel/oil mix lubricates the crank, bearings, and piston pins from the crankcase side:)
 

Texasmark

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

Other thing is quality 2 cycles use SS needle bearings on all high stress areas between pressure points; crank to crankcase supports, rods to crank, (where 4 cycles may use babbit (tin plated copper per se....look up the word babbit in www if you are curious, bearings in the same location) so only a very thin film of oil is necessary to accomplish lube.

Neat thing about 2's is the only moving parts are the inlet fuel air reed valves (like a blade feeler gauge and only move .040" roughly with a long length vs the flutter length), the crank, rods, pistons and rings. A real tight package and essentially no slop so rpm's can be anywhere whereas a pushrod 4 could blow it's mind over 4K. Then there is no crankcase full of oil to fool with, and the oil filter, what a sloppy mess....UGH! BTDT

My usual irrelevant 2c,

Mark
 

Chris1956

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

That picture is very accurate, and very cool. It appears to be a loop charged 2 cycle motor with an expansion chamber. I cannot tell if it is a 7 port looper, but it could be. The 7 port loop-charged 2 cycle motors are the most advanced. The configuration is very motor-cycle like. An outboard usually has the carbs at the base of the crankcase, opposite of the cylinder heads.
 

pecheux

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

All of the reasons why I loooove 2 strokes OB's ... LOL
 

bob johnson

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

I've been running 2 strokes all my 50+ years and this jsut occurred to me: I know the mixed oil and gas lubricates the inside of the cylinders and I suppose the valves. But the pistons rods and crankshaft are all moving on the other side. Is there anything inside the crankcase that lubrucates those moving parts? No oil splashing around like in a car. No one says open it up once a year and hit it with 3 in 1 oil. I seem to recall that the water jacket cools the head and crank case area, but do the rods and crankshaft stay dry? How does that work?

there are no valves, and i am not sure the term "the other side" applies either!!

it is strange to first realize that the fuel washes over the crank and rods on the way to the combustion chamber!!!!!

bob
 

bob johnson

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?


does the illustrations depiction of the green gases following the exhaust gases out the exhaust for a short period of time, represent why the 2 stroke does not have good emissions figures???

bob
 

Frank Acampora

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

Hey Dingbat! make sure your pipe is tuned to the correct length--remember: they are only good for a narrow RPM band.

Bob: Two cycle racing engines and to a lesser degree, all two cycle engines of the outboard type are typically overscavenged--that is, part of the fresh charge will exit the exhaust. This happens because both the bypass and exhaust ports are open at the same time.The tuned pipe takes the exhaust pressure wave and REFLECTS it back to the exhaust port JUST before it closes. Since the bypass port is already closed, the fresh charge is forced back into the cylinder and a mild supercharging effect is achieved. HOWEVER: since the pipe is a defined length and it takes a finite time for reflection, the pipe is only good for a small range of RPM--usually maximum.

BTW: This principle of reflection in a length of pipe was discovered by a Polish physicist, Felix Coanda and was originally known as the "Coanda effect." The original pipes were trumpet shaped. Years later in the 60s, another Polish model airplane speed racer, Ted Wisniewski actually developed a tuned pipe with essentially the currently accepted shape for his racing engines and set NUMEROUS speed records. The Japanese "borrowed" from him and put pipes on their dirt bikes.

"Bubble Back" OMC V4 engines used a version of this principle.

As far as oil, when the oil is mixed with gasoline it does not stay mixed, When the gasoline is vaporised in the carb venturi, the oil having a much higher vapor pressure assumes a micro-droplet mist. This mist is whacked around the interior of the crankcase and lubricates everything moving. Ball, Needle, and Roller bearings require very little oil to function correctly and the two cycle gives the the BEST environment: A fresh charge of oil with each revolution.

And that's the story of life!
 

Chris1956

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

Franks' description of a tuned exhaust is excellent. The tuned exhaust pipes are normally called "Expansion Chambers" on motorcyles, and as Frank said, are only "tuned " to boost power in a narrow RPM Range.

The V6 e-TEC engines use a u-shaped tuned exhaust chamber, which runs from one bank of cylinders to the other. This gives an "expansion chamber effect" for all cylinders (they alternately fire, so it works for all) over a narrow RPM range. In addition, the e-TEC motors have an RPM-controlled valve in the exhaust chamber that lengthens or shortens the exhaust chamber. This is the equivalent of tuning the exhaust for two RPM bands, say hole shot and WOT.
 

dingbat

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

Hey Dingbat! make sure your pipe is tuned to the correct length--remember: they are only good for a narrow RPM band.

I have not messed with bikes in years. The last one I owned was a 74' Kawi 750 H2 that I bought new if that tells you how long its been.
 

Home Cookin'

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

I'm sure I know what the middle letter is; how about the others?
 

Snobike Mike

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Re: 2 stroke lubrication--how?

does the illustrations depiction of the green gases following the exhaust gases out the exhaust for a short period of time, represent why the 2 stroke does not have good emissions figures???

bob

Yes.

Now with DI they solve most/all of that problem by "Direct Injection" into the combustion chamber thereby avoiding the blowby effect.
 
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