Compression Check Results

b0mbtrack

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Engine: Mercruiser v-8, Carbed. Thunderbolt ignition. STD rotation. Transmission. Year and model were gone......

Question: Compression check showed 160-170 compression in all cylinders but 6 and 8 where the compression was only between 120-125 on both. Any idea what would cause this?
 

Don S

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Re: Compression Check Results

Lots of things could cause it, leaky valves, rings, head gasket, cracked head, cracked block etc.
Next step is a leakdown test to determine what is leaking.
Here is the Merc service bulletin, http://www.boatfix.com/merc/Bullet/97/97_25.pdf for doing the compression test. The last section (Using air to test the chamber) should explain how to do it and what to look for.
 

chiefalen

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Re: Compression Check Results

You do the compression check on a warm motor or stone cold ?
 

Sea Raider I

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Re: Compression Check Results

Wouldnt those compression numbers be within the accepted percentage loss across the entire engine?

There may be something leaking slightly, but not enough to worry about?
 

Bondo

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Re: Compression Check Results

Ayuh,...

Just a WAGuess,....

#s 6,+ 8 have had water intrustion at some point,+ have rusted cylinder surfaces, allowing blow-by...
 

chiefalen

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Re: Compression Check Results

Or the test was performed incorrectly.

Waiting for the op to post if it was done correctly, then go from there.
 

projecthog

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Re: Compression Check Results

Lower compression is caused by a few things.

Simplest things first...check the plugs for indications, your generic manual should tell you what on earth is happening to your plugs, and also see if they are all of the same heat and brand name, you wouldn't believe what difference that can make over a short time!
And...., did you have your gage hooked up properly for those two cylinders?:D

Ring wear, could be due to hotter running then the rest, and because both cylinders #6 and #8 are "aft" on the engine, it could be anything from bad coolant circulation, to partially obstructed water jacket areas from settlement of scuzz in the coolant, not likely, to just rust from sitting, cross leaking from a bad set of head gaskets, also not likely, or just two sets of rings being from a different lot. Ditto for the valves.

Valve and guide wear, check for smoking at startup or when the engine is gunned (constant smoking is usually ring related.)
Do a dry check first then a wet check to determine whether it is valves or rings.
Guide wear could be from anything lubrication related to rocker problems, cooling, different valves for those two cylinders, or hot running for any of the above reasons.

Check PCV valve if so equipped, if it is plugged, you could have excessive blowby that could point to ring wear.
You also have to wonder who has been in the engine in the past and what parts or methods were used to do any work in those areas if any.

As for a guess as to why it has that low compression, pick any one of the above, any one's guess is as good as another's, but if that problem is already going on in there, it needs to be fixed without a doubt! Add-to fluids or mechanics in a bottle are never a good thing even if it "fixes" the problem, the problem arrived for a reason!...Your own and other's safety may be at stake.

The compression for those two cylinders is low but not totally unacceptable in Bubba's land lubber vehicles, on water it is a different story, and your life may depend on your better judgement or where you are going to do your helpless floating around if that happens.

For me....I wouldn't want that situation in a boat at the best of times (yep, learned the hard way.)
My own standards dictate that these pressure differences are too big in an engine that is constantly trying to hammer itself into pieces, especially on a boat.

Differential pressures cause wear and tear and breakdowns at the most inconvenient times guaranteed!

I have been stuck out in an ocean with a bad cylinder before. I fixed it on the go because I am a fanatic about spares for those engines that are workable when you are out there, and I'd done it before on land.
Try hand lapping a valve in on a 75 year old engine while bobbing around looking like dinner to the local inhabitants, tied to an anchor bucket, exciting at the least.
I shouldn't have been out that far in the first place with the old girl, but you learn and hopefully live to respect that.

But I'm sure you know all of that already :D
My advice?....don't even think about it, fix it it'll be cheaper that way.

PH.

I know I'm long winded, that's from blowing on the coals to get some action out of the boilers!
 

b0mbtrack

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Re: Compression Check Results

I had the engine warmed up, throttle plates fully opened. The gauge was correctly installed in those cylinders as I went back and double checked them both twice, once after I got the first result and once again after I finished going over the rest of the cylinders. Battery was fully charged didn't weeken during the process. I'll go ahead and squirt some oil in those cylinders and see if the compression rises. So I guess I'm looking at either a blown head gasket or something wrong with the rings or cylinder walls. I'll also do a leakdown test
 

Don S

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Re: Compression Check Results

The leakdown test will tell you what's leaking. If you pressurize #6 cylinder and can hear air out of #8, you have a head gasket leak between cylinders. If you hear excess air thru the oil fill cap opening, it's the rings.
 

b0mbtrack

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Re: Compression Check Results

Ok here are the leakdown results. I did this with engine warm, plugs out, dipstick removed, throttle fully opened, oil fill cap removed, coolant cap removed, and the piston being tested at full tdc compression stroke. I had a little unexpected result.

Cylinder six pressurized: I can hear coming out of cylinder 8 spark plug hole real strong but not vise versa (I have a theory why down below.)

Cylinder eight pressurized: I can hear coming out of carb. real strong but not out of cylinder six.

Because I didn't get the visa versa like I thought I would I did this test a number of times to make sure everything was done right. The only reason I think there was no visa versa is instead of a head gasket being blown I might have a cracked head and the piston of the opposite cylinder blocks the air from escaping through that cylinder.
That is just my theory, I don't know if it is even possible. I also don't have any water or coolant I should say on the spark plugs or coming out of the holes.

What do you guys think?
 

KJSmitty

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Re: Compression Check Results

Interesting,

While pressurizing cylinder #6, could the air you "heard" coming from cylinder 8's spark plug hole possibly be from it backing up/echoing through the exhaust (#6 at TDC yet #8's exhaust valve is open)- or could you actually feel the air coming out #8's plug hole etc.??

Basically I would be curious if you have a bad #6 exhaust valve and a bad #8 intake valve etc..

Then again you could have a head gasket leak that only flows one way between 6 and 8, and a bad #8 intake valve. Either way, the sad part is the head needs to come off.... :(

You didn't mention any results from skirting a little oil in the cylinders or that any air was passing into the crankcase - That would be good news that your rings/cylinders are in good shape. :) Much easier/cheaper to pull one head than deal with a short block issue..

Best of luck - could be fun winter project.
 

b0mbtrack

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Re: Compression Check Results

Interesting,

While pressurizing cylinder #6, could the air you "heard" coming from cylinder 8's spark plug hole possibly be from it backing up/echoing through the exhaust (#6 at TDC yet #8's exhaust valve is open)- or could you actually feel the air coming out #8's plug hole etc...?

The air can be heard so strong with the stethescope that there is no doubt the air is passing by and not echoing, it sounds like being in a wind storm. I did hear the "echo" in other places though so I was able to figure out the difference between the echo and the actual leak. As far as the squirting of oil, I wasn't sure if it would still be necassary so I thought I would post the other results first.
 

Don S

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Re: Compression Check Results

Cylinder six pressurized: I can hear coming out of cylinder 8 spark plug hole real strong but not vise versa (I have a theory why down below.)

Cylinder eight pressurized: I can hear coming out of carb. real strong but not out of cylinder six.

Could be as simple as #8 intake leaks the air faster than the head gasket leak therefor not letting you actually hear the head gasket leak.
Either way, as smitty notes, the head has to come off at this point to determine exactly what all is bad and why.
 

b0mbtrack

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Re: Compression Check Results

Could be as simple as #8 intake leaks the air faster than the head gasket leak therefor not letting you actually hear the head gasket leak.

Thats true, I didn't think of that (keep it simple stupid). Head will be coming off, thanks guys and I will update my findings.
 
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