I am not sure how to interpret the difference between a deadrise of 23deg and 17deg. Which one is better, more fuel efficient etc? assuming similar lengths and weight.
That difference is big enough that you would not expect to find both figures for the same type of boat. The 17 deg is typical for a inboard boat that runs at modest speeds. The 23 deg would be expected on a powerful performance boat, for tearing across the waves. As a general rule faster boats need more deadrise, and more speed means more fuel is burned.