Re: Mini Van - Major Brake issue Any ideas????
Ok, I went out to the 'net and did a little research on this sort of thing...
First, I found out that we should replace our brake fluid every 2 years or so. As in 'drain and replace', just like what we do with engine oil. Evidently, brake fluid is designed to absorb water (much the way the alcohol in gas will do that) in order to protect the braking system. After about 2 years, it has absorbed enough water that the boiling point of the brake fluid drops...
Second, I found that in normal braking systems the brake fluid gets heated up due to the heat that is generated by the brake pads - this conducts to the fluid. If this heat exceeds the boiling point of the fluid, it will boil - and you will loose the ability to brake. This is an 'analog' loss in that it is proportional to the condition of your brake fluid and amount of heat. It is usually just a softness of the pedal, and can get to the point where it requires you to pump. However,
no damage to the rest of the braking system seems to occur (it wasn't mentioned). I guess the boiling point of the fluid, even 'fresh', is lower than any heat damage point to the rest of the system.
Under normal conditions, this seems to be self limiting in that when the brake fluid boils you loose the hydraulic force that is causing the brake pads to push on the rotor. No pressure = no friction = no heat. Until things cool down enough for the brake fluid to remain fluid. Of course, it also means no stopping force in the meanwhile..

Note that the boiling of the fluid also acts to absorb heat.
When brakes lock up it seems to be under an abnormal condition: when there is some blockage that prevents the normal circulation of brake fluid. In this case, the brake fluid in the brake cylinder can't boil (pressure changes the boiling point of a liquid), so there is no loss of pressure on the caliper. Even so, I don't see how the master cylinder gets damaged by this - not sure how the heat would be conducted up that far...