I used a SS hand rail clamp for mine at the aft corner. It worked fine with my 8' antenna. Now I use a short whip antenna. Still fine.
Bolts with backing plate
Backer doesn’t need to be thick. 1/4” is more than enough
really depends on the thickness of the glass your bolting to. You could get by with fender washers if the glass is thick enough.Wow, 1/4" seems really thick. I was thinking of no more than an 1/8".
1/4" Wood for backer... if you use metal plate, 1/8 should be fine.