Pitch vs diameter?

Joined
Jul 29, 2007
Messages
16
I understand the larger pitch and smaller pitch for reduced or increased WOT RPM respectively. How does the diameter vs pitch work? For example, I have a 1988 Four Winns Horizon 200 (21 foot) with 5.0L 230 HP OMC Cobra (it has the high altitude 1.59:1 gears) and am presently using an aluminum 15.25 X 15 prop. Here in Colorado at 5000 Feet Elevation I can get up to 4400 RPM maximum unloaded (or lightly loaded) trimmed for maximum RPM (trying not to bounce too much) and max speed of about 34 MPH. I can see that I cannot go to a larger pitch since my RPM is on the low side of recommended (4400-4800 RPM). What about smaller diameter and larger pitch? The boat also came with 2 additional props, an Aluminum 14.25 x 19 and a stainless steel 15 X 17 neither of which I have tried. Yes, I too want hole shot mostly for pulling people on tubes or skis but the macho man in me wants to see higher MPH too. I see guys posting claims with 230 HP (and less) motors claiming 40-45+ MPH and still a great holeshot. My MPH is confirmed by GPS, tachometer has not been tested. I know my altitude is a hosepower killer, so do I shut up and enjoy the 15.25 x 15 prop I have on it now or how does the pitch vs diameter play out?
 

MikDee

Banned
Joined
Jun 6, 2007
Messages
4,745
Re: Pitch vs diameter?

You'll notice that as the pitch is increased the diameter automatically comes down, this is to help the prop by creating less drag in the water, with the theory that if you need that much more pitch your running a lighter boat, so don't need the extra power for pulling, usually at 19" pitch, and up it starts to become noticablely less power, but more speed. Chances are if your running at 4400rpm lightly loaded, and fully trimmed out with that aluminum prop, I don't recommend the 17" stainless prop, as it's harder to spin, even though it would be faster on 2 counts, 1) more pitch 2) no flex, and forget about the 19" pitch.

But, I could give you some tips to maybe get your RPM, & speed up! to make that 17" pitch work.

Here's what you do,
1) Adjust your carb idle mixture needles richer, with the engine off screw each one in gently till it stops, the make a note of the number of turns, then bring them both back out to where they were, and start the engine, let it warm up some, and begin screwing each one out counterclockwise, till the engine reaches the highest RPM evenly on both, that is the best richest setting, you might have to bring your Idle Speed screw down some if it's idling too fast. This should work, and your engine should love it! if not turn them in clockwise to the highest rpm's, or back to the original setting.


2) Next with the engine off, put the engine in forward, and open your throttle all the way at the helm, then take off your flame arrestor, and make sure your carb is open all the way, adjust the cable out to match if need be. Then don't forget to put it back, and in neutral when you're done.

3) Get yourself a good set of stainless spiral core (metal core) suppression spark plug wires, if you don't already have these. You should see, and feel an immediate increase in power. New spark plugs would help here also. (I prefer Champions)

3) Next, get yourself some syntheic blend, or full synthetic oil, 10-40W, brand is not important, whatevers on sale, and a new oil filter, and do an oil change.

4)you don't have to do this all at once, but when you have time, just the carb adjustments should make a big difference if not done before, this alone should take you to the top of your rpm range.

I had a 79'- 20' SeaRay bowrider with a 228hp 5.0 Mercruiser a few yrs ago it was a frsh water lake boat, never bottom painted, that regularly did 45mph, 48 trimmed out, and 50 one time, when I put a new aluminum 14X19 prop on it, in the Great South bay, Long Island (at sea level) I did all these things I mentioned to it, plus thru/hull exhausts.

Good luck, and let me know how it comes out, Mike
 

rogerwa

Commander
Joined
Nov 29, 2000
Messages
2,339
Re: Pitch vs diameter?

I am not expert, but could back this up with empirical evidence. I believe what you want to look at as far as Diameter is concerned is slippage.

Take your values and plug them into the prop calc to figure out your slippage. The larger diameter should reduce slippage at the same pitch, yet your motor may not be big enough to swing the larger diameter at a larger pitch so it becomes a balance.

In my example, I swapped out a 40hp motor swinging a 10.5p 12" diameter with a 90hp with a 13'P and 14"d. In this example, my prop slippage went from 40% down to 27%. The extra 2" in diameter allowed my prop to be more efficient and to get closer to the maximum performance, which would be zero slippage. If you are running a 15" prop at 4400 RPM that means you can go 66000 inches/minute or 5500 ft/min at perfect efficiency. Convert that in to MPH and you will have you theoretcial maximum speed

My case is a little extreme due to the weight and non-planing hull. But I beleive the example holds true.

So I would be looking at what your slippage is at various ranges. On a planing hull, it should be more efficient at higher speeds. You may find that a sligtly lower pitch with larger diameter could make your rig more efficient and get more speed. You will just have to try some things out..
 
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