Re: Can this amount of fade be "fixed"
Typical gel coat and resins start to soften around 160F or a little more, when this happens there are a couple of things that can take place. There is always some residual cure left in the gel coat and laminate, as the laminate reaches temperatures higher than it has before, or past it’s heat distortion temperature, it will start to move and change shape. If there are forces being applied to it it make take a slightly new shape, or as it continues to cure there may be some shrinkage resulting in surface distortion.
When you buff gel coat it can generate a great deal of heat, you can get to 200F rather quickly if you are pushing hard, this can result in the surface becoming a little softer and any additional cure that takes place can cause an orange peel type finish, or other surface issues. The color can also change a little.
Sometimes reworking the surface can solve the problem, other times it just makes it worse. This can happen on recently built parts (new boats) or items that have been in service for a long time, there are just so many variables involved it’s hard to say what exactly may happen on any particular surface.
Older laminates tend to be more thoroughly cured, but this isn’t always the case, again, there are just too many variables.
One issue with the foam pads is they tend to trap more heat than wool, so the temp may get higher easier when used on gel coat. There are different pads and buffing compounds for gel coat and paint, so if possible use ones for gel coat, both will work, but if you have the option get the right ones.
Relatively light pressure, especially towards the end of the job (final buff) and not stopping in one place will typically give better results than trying to use the buffer as a grinder.