I'm guessing you are talking about a fresh water (potable) tank? If so, I'm sure your tank on the boat is no different than our fresh water tank in our travel travel trailer. 4 hours, 6 hours tops. I use a mix ratio of approx 6-8 ounces to 40 gallons.
Make sure to run your various taps as well to get that bleach solution in all your water lines. After 4-6 hours dump your tank, refill with fresh water and run that through all your taps to get the chlorine out.
As for bleach, make sure you use the regular old chlorine bleach. Only reason I say that is I've read about folks trying to sanitize their water system, it's not working, and they find out they are using diluted bleach or some such thing.